I appreciate your confidence in my skills (and sure we could fire-up the AnyDesk), but this is Diane's site, let's let her help you.
I figured you would try your broken account in Windows Mail, but I suppose a new test account is the same idea.
Interesting results. If POP is allowed in Gmail.com Settings, I wonder why it is not working. Was it still complaining about the password or a different error this time? Not sure if your ISP or local Firewall blocking ports would cause something like that.